植物纤维/聚乳酸生物质复合材料的制备及应用现状

聚乳酸是目前已开发的生物降解高分子中最具潜力的一种。尽管它具有众多优异的性能,但是,仍存在一些如脆性大、成型稳定性差等缺点。因此,对聚乳酸进行复合改性是目前重要的研究趋势。文章综述了近年来聚乳酸基生物质复合材料的研究进程。以聚乳酸为基体,以麻纤维、木纤维、竹纤维或其它植物纤维为生物质填料,采用热压、挤出等方法生产不同种类的聚乳酸基生物质复合材料,介绍了植物纤维的改性方法,如碱处理、化学改性、微生物改性等,并对这些生物质复合材料的力学性能、热稳定性能、结晶性能、尺寸稳定性能等进行了简要阐述,同时,对聚乳酸基生物质复合材料的应用领域及开发前景进行了展望。

Preparation and Application Status of Plant Fiber/PLA Biomass Composite

Polylactic acid(PLA)is the most potential biodegradable polymerdeveloped nowadays.It has many advantages,but also has some disadvantages,such as being fragile and poor stability for processing.Modification by complexing with other materials is one of the important methods to improve the properties of PLA.The preparation and application status of PLA based biomass composite in recent years was reviewed,the biocomposites were prepared by thermoforming,extrusion and some other methods,using PLA as matrix,bast fiber,wood fiber,bamboo fiber or some other plant fibers as biomass fillers,the modification methods on fiber such as alkalli treatment,chemical modification and microorgonism modification were introduced,the properties such as mechanical properties,crystallinity and dimension stability of the composites were briefly summarized,at the same time,the application areas and development tendency of PLA based biomass composite were prospected.