基于HIRFL-CSR的高速高电荷态重离子与原子碰撞X射线谱学实验设计与研究

依据非相对论偶极近似、相对论程函近似、ECPSSR理论及平面波玻恩近似方法，计算了30~500 MeV/u的Ar18+、Kr36+和Xe54+离子与Ar、Kr和Xe原子碰撞过程中辐射电子俘获、非辐射电子俘获及内壳电离截面。在此基础上，结合光子探测器的能量分辨以及炮弹离子跃迁谱线的多普勒效应等因素，针对HIRFL-CSR实验环内靶装置上的X射线谱学实验，生成了各碰撞体系、能量和若干观测角度上的预期X射线谱。这些预期谱可以帮助我们筛选和优化碰撞体系、离子能量、观测角度、探测器类型、X射线窗及吸收片等实验条件，避免较弱的目标反应道被其他强反应道乃至其逃逸峰所掩盖或干扰，保证实验精度，提高束流利用效率。

Design Study for X-ray Spectroscopy Experiments of Fast Highly Charged Heavy Ions Collisions with Atoms at HIRFL-CSR

Cross sections of radiative electron capture, non-radiative electron capture and target K-shell ionization by $300\sim 500$ MeV/u Ar18+, Kr36+ and Xe54+ ions in collisions with Ar, Kr and Xe atoms, were calculated by nonrelativistic dipole approximation, relativistic eikonal approximation, ECPSSR theory and the plane wave Born approximation, respectively. Combined with energy resolution of X-ray detectors and Doppler effect of transition spectra of the projectile ions, expected X-ray spectra of various collision systems, beam energies and different observation angles are produced for X-ray spectroscopy experiment on internal target of the Heavy Ion Research Facility at Lanzhou-Cooling Storage Ring(HIRFL-CSR). These expected spectra can help us to select and optimize experimental conditions such as collision system, beam energy, observation angle, type of detector, window and absorbing sheet of X-ray. In addition, these expected spectra can prevent weak reaction channels from overlap or disturbing with strong reaction channels and corresponding escape peaks. Therefore, accuracy of experimental data can be ensured, and utilization efficiency of beam is improved.