2019年呼和浩特地区鼠疫防治知识知晓率及其影响因素分析

目的伴随着内蒙古地区鼠疫确诊病例的发现,了解呼和浩特地区居民对于鼠疫防治知识的知晓情况,分析其相关影响因素至关重要,从而为呼市的鼠疫防控知识普及措施提供依据。方法采用调查问卷的方式,通过单纯随机抽样方法对呼和浩特地区四个区居民进行抽样,采用χ^2进行单因素分析,采用Logistic对不同人口学特征的知晓率进行多因素分析,总结鼠疫防治知识普及的影响因素。结果本次调查共收问卷436份。结果显示:25岁以下居民对于鼠疫防控知识了解较多,不同年龄知晓率有统计学意义(χ^2=60.140,P<0.05);学历高低对鼠疫知识的知晓率有影响,差异有统计学意义(χ^2=34.955,P<0.05);职业种类的不同影响知晓率,差异有统计学意义(χ^2=84.330,P<0.05);多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,鼠疫防治知识知晓率低发生的独立危险因素为高龄(OR=0.702,95%CI:0.567~0.837)、文化程度低(OR=1.379,95%CI:1.084~1.674)、男性(OR=1.237,95%CI:1.254~1.747)、一般工作种类(OR=1.642,95%CI:1.387~1.897)。结论在进行鼠疫防治知识宣讲过程中,要针对不同职业、不同文化程度的人群进行有区分的鼠疫防控知识普及,对于一些学历水平较低或者一般职业的人群,应选择通俗易懂、易于接受的鼠疫防治宣教方式,有针对性的进行鼠疫防治知识的宣传教育,从而提高鼠疫健康教育工作的效率。

Analysis on the Basic Situation of the Popularization of Plague Prevention Knowledge in Hohhot Area

Objective With the discovery of confirmed cases of plague in Inner Mongolia,the knowledge of plague prevention and control among residents in Hohhot was understood,and relevant influencing factors were analyzed to provide a basis for the popularization of plague prevention and control knowledge in Hohhot.Methods By using questionnaire,the residents of four districts in Hohhot were sampled by simple random sampling method,the single factor analysis was carried out byχ^2,and the multi-factor analysis was carried out by the knowing rate of different demographic characteristics by logistic,to summarize the influencing factors of popularizing the knowledge of plague prevention and control.Results A total of 436 questionnaires were collected in this survey,among which residents under the age of 25 have more knowledge of plague prevention and control,and the awareness rate of residents under different ages was statistically significant(χ^2=60.140,P<0.05);The different degrees of education affected the awareness rate of plague knowledge,which had statistical significance(χ^2=34.955,P<0.05);Different types of occupation also affected the awareness rate,the difference was statistically significant(χ^2=84.330,P<0.05);The results of multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the independent risk factor of low knowledge rate of plague prevention and control was old age(OR=0.702,95%CI:0.567-0.837)、Low educational level(OR=1.379,95%CI:1.084-1.674),Male(or=1.237,95%CI:1.254-1.747)、general job category(OR=1.642,95%CI:1.387-1.897).Conclusion Process for plague prevention and control knowledge,according to different occupations,different cultural levels of the crowd to distinguish the plague prevention and control knowledge popularization,to people with low education level or general professional we should choose the method easy to understand,easy to receive the plague prevention and control of mission,and the propaganda and education of knowledge should be targeted for plague prevention and control,so as to improve the efficiency of the plague health education work.