镍/聚苯胺复合材料的制备及其性质

采用原位聚合法制备不同质量比的镍粉(Ni)、聚苯胺(PANI)复合材料,其中以柠檬酸为掺杂酸,过硫酸铵作氧化剂。通过X射线衍射(XRD)和傅里叶红外线光谱仪(FTIR)对该复合材料的结构进行表征与分析。结果表明复合物中Ni与PANI之间不存在化学键的作用。将制备的Ni/PANI复合材料和镍粉作为填料制成涂料,涂层用四探针测试仪和网络分析仪进行表征和分析,研究不同质量比的填料对涂层性能的影响。结果表明:在填料质量比相同的涂层中,原位制备复合材料涂层的电导率和屏蔽效能均高于机械混合制备的复合材料;当原位制备的复合材料中Ni,苯胺(AN)质量比为1:4时,涂层的电导率和屏蔽效能均高于其他涂层,电导率达92.575 S/cm,屏蔽效能在所测频率范围内在70 dB以上,其中60%左右为吸收损耗。

Preparation of Nickel and Polyaniline Composite Materials and Their Properties

Different mass ratios of nickel and polyaniline composite powders were prepared by in-situ polymerization using citric acid as the doping acid and ammonium persulfate as oxidant. Composite materials were characterized and analyzed by X-ray diffraction （XRD）, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy （FTIR）.The results show that there isn＇ t the chemical bond interaction between nickel and polyaniline.The coatings were made by adding the fillers of nickel and composites. The coating properties of different mass ratios of the composites were studied using the four-point probe instrument and network analyzer. The results indicate that the conductivity and shielding effectiveness （SE） of the composite prepared by in-situ polymerization coatings are higher than that of composite prepared by mechanical mixture, when the total content of filler in the coatings is same. The coatings with the composite of m（Ni）： re（AN） =1 ： 4 have the best conductivity and SE, the conductivity is up to 92.575 S/cm and the SE is mostly above 70 dB at all frequency range, and the absorption loss is about 60% of the SE.