权衡电能损失和启停成本的水电站机组最佳运行计划

以水电站经济损失最小化为优化目标，提出了一个综合考虑电能损失与启停成本的机组最佳运行计划模型，使降低发电损失和减少开机次数这两个存在矛盾的问题得到兼顾，应用简单遗传算法进行优化，即可迅速得出一日内96个时段机组最经济的运行方式。该模型强调机组启停和水轮机效率之间的协调，考虑了尾水位、压力钢管水头损失和水轮发电机组效率的变化，能够快速制定出平稳的开停机计划，获得各机组最优的负荷分配结果，对竞价上网环境下水电厂的运行管理有一定的实际意义。

Optimized Operation Plan of the Hydroelectric Plant Based on Reducing the Start-up/Shut-down Costs and the Total Power Generation Loss

After analyze the start-up/shut-down costs and the total power generation loss of the hydroelectric plant, author proposed the model whose objective was the minimal total economic losses. It compromises the contradiction about the loss and the numbers of start-up/shut-down. It optimizes the number of generating units at 96 periods in the day based on genetic algorithm. Therefore, we can attain the total generation scheduling of the plant in the most economic way. The model highlighted the tradeoff between start-up and shut-down of generating units and hydro power efficiency, and took into account variations in tailrace elevation, penstock head losses and turbine-generator efficiencies. As a result, the stationary plan can assist the hydroelectric plant on electricity power bidding.