多巴胺受体的结构和功能

多巴胺是大脑中含量最丰富的儿茶酚胺类神经递质。多巴胺作为神经递质调控中枢神经系统的多种生理功能。多巴胺系统调节障碍涉及帕金森病，精神分裂症，Tourette综合征，注意力缺陷多动综合征和垂体肿瘤的发生等。本文综述了多巴胺受体的共同特征和各个受体的独特特征，以及它们在中枢神经系统的分布和功能，重点强调了多巴胺受体与学习记忆的关系。

Structure and function of dopamine receptors

Dopamine (DA) is the most abundant catecholaminergic neurotransmitter in the brain.The involvement and importance of DA as a neurotransmitter in the regulation of different physiological functions in the central nervous system (CNS) are well know. Deregulation of the dopaminergic system has been linked with Parkinson disease,Tourette syndrome,schizophrenia,attention deficit hyperactive disorder(ADHD) and generation of pituitary tumours. This review focuses on the pharmacological and biochemical features shared by the dopamine receptors. The distribution of the different dopamine receptors in the CNS and their function especially associated with learning and memory are emphasized.