基于摆型波理论的防冲支护设计

 针对当前煤矿支护方面不能有效解决冲击地压防御这一工程难题，分析并指出煤矿支护形式、支护方法上存在的根本问题。基于深部非连续自平衡应力岩体介质的等级块系构造理论，建立一维非连续自应力块系上覆岩体与支护互馈作用的理论模型，研究在冲击扰动下岩体中摆型波传播时支护性质对支护端岩块动力响应影响上覆岩块动态响应受不同性质支护作用的影响。分析得到：对于刚性支护当支护为刚性时，支护端岩块动力响应的加速度幅值随支护刚度的增大而降低；当刚性支护中具有柔性阻尼耗能机制时，岩块动力响应时间会随阻尼系数的增加而缩短。由此推论：在煤矿支护中，利用刚性支护与柔性阻尼耗能机制相结合的方式可以增强围岩稳定性、增加支护–围岩系统抵抗冲击的能力，以防止冲击地压的严重显现。由此提出刚柔耦合快速吸能让位防冲支护设计理念，并对基于该理念研制的新式巷道防冲吸能液压支架进行简要介绍，对其中核心吸能构件进行初步分析，为进一步研制系列防冲支护设备，形成新式防冲支护技术与方法，改善当前煤矿防冲支护设计，形成新式防冲支护技术与方法，奠定一定的理论基础。

DESIGN OF ANTI-SCOUR SUPPORT BASED ON THEORY OF PENDULUM-TYPE WAVE

Current support in coal mines cannot solve rockburst effectively. The basic problems of support form and method in coal mines are analyzed. Based on the theory of deep rock mass of a complex hierarchy of blocks structure which is discontinuous and self-balance stress rock mass，a theoretical model of discontinuous overburden blocks-rock and support crossfeed action is presented. The effect of support performance on the overburden block-rock dynamics response is studied when the shock load propagates in the discontinuous and self-stress block-rocks in form of pendulum-type wave. We came to the conclusion that：acceleration amplitude of overburden block-rock which close to support declined obviously when increasing stiffness of rigid support；acceleration response time of overburden block-rock shortened significantly when addition damping to support，which has energy dissipation mechanism to rigid support. Based on the two points，support with the coupling effect of rigid and energy dissipation mechanism is better to enhance the stability of surrounding rock and enhance the ability of support-surrounding rock system resistance impact. It can prevent rockburst serious result. We put forward the design of rapid energy-absorption and abdication anti-shock rigid-flexible coupling support，and briefly introduced the new energy-absorption and abdication anti-shock hydraulic support. The core component of energy absorption is analyzed preliminary. The results of this paper can provide a basis for development of series energy-absorption and abdication anti-shock support equipment and improving support method，formation a new anti-shock support technology and method.