水稻漂浮湿地生产特性及其除氮效能研究

目的]研究新型水稻漂浮湿地(Lake-based Rice Floating Wetland,LRFW)在富营养化水体处理中的应用。方法]以水稻为浮床植物,开展控制试验,研究水稻种植床的除氮能力和水稻增产能力,并与聚苯乙烯泡沫浮床(Polystyrene Foam Floating Bed,PFFB)进行比较。结果]LRFW和PFFB的稻米产量分别为1.14 kg/m2和0.60 kg/m2。LRFW的有效分蘖数、单株地上生物量、地上地下生物量比与PFFB间均无显著差异,但是,单株穗重显著高于PFFB。经过72 d的运行,LRFW总氮去除率为40.2%,总氮去除负荷为53.44mg/(m2·d),约为PFFB的2倍。在LRFW系统中,由植物和床体去除的氮分别占去除总量的61.29%和38.71%,而在PFFB系统则分别为87.31%和12.69%。结论]LRFW无论在水稻生产还是除氮效能方面均优于泡沫浮床。

Study on the Rice Production Properties and Nitrogen Removal Efficiency of Rice Floating Wetland

Objective ] The research aimed to study on the application of lake-based rice floating wetland （LRFW） in the treatment of eutrophic body of water. Method ] Taken rice as floating floor plant,the control test was carried out to investigate the nitrogen removal efficiency and rice yield increasing capacity of LRFW and polystyrene foam floating bed （PFFB）. Result ] The results showed that the rice yields of LRFW and PFFB were 1.14 kg/m2 and 0.60 kg/m2 ,respectively. There were no significant difference between LRFW and PFFB represented by active till- ers, above-ground biomass per individual and ratio of above to below-ground biomass. However, ear biomass per individual in LRFW was higher than that in PFFB significantly. After working 72 d ,total nitrogen removal efficiency and total nitrogen removal load in LRFW were 40.2% and 53.44 mg/（m2 · d） ,respectively,which were twice as much as that in PFFB. The nitrogen removal proportions by rice plant and bed were 61.29% and 38.71% in LRFW and were 87.31% and 12.69% in PFFB, respectively. Conclusion ] Rice production and nitrogen removal effi- ciency of LRFW were higher than that of PFFB.