基于GNSS技术的排土场边坡监测及稳定性研究

本文介绍了边坡工程监测技术和方法,并以大孤山铁矿废弃排土场边坡监测项目为例,运用GNSS在线监测技术,综合分析边坡变形监测数据,对大孤山排土场边坡的安全状态及稳定性进行评价。研究表明:①大孤山铁矿废弃排土场边坡各监测区域内沉降位移普遍要大于水平位移,且沉降位移的波动趋势显著高于水平位移,可知大孤山排土场边坡变形主要由沉降导致;②各监测区域的沉降位移曲线在2017年7～9月及2017年12月～2018年2月波动显著,呈现先下降后上升的趋势,与监测区域受夏季降雨影响处于活跃期以及冬季冰雪冻胀影响的情况相符,其中,降雨对监测区域变形的影响大于冰雪冻胀的影响;③球团厂、黄岭子村以及滑坡区监测区域的下部变形普遍大于上部变形,邻近滑坡区的尾矿库监测点水平位移及沉降位移要略高于尾矿库其他监测点,由于边坡底部紧邻厂区或居民生活区,应重点关注边坡底部变形,加强监测力度,确保该区域边坡稳定及安全;④综合分析可知,大孤山铁矿废弃排土场边坡划分的四个监测区域中,球团厂变形最大,黄岭子村及滑坡区次之,尾矿库稳定性良好。研究成果对同类矿山边坡工程的监测及预警具有重要借鉴意义。

Research on slope monitoring and stability of dumping site based on GNSS technology

This paper introduces the slope monitoring technology and method, and takes the Dagushan iron ore abandoned dump slope monitoring project as an example, using GNSS online monitoring technology to comprehensively analyze the slope deformation monitoring data, and the safety status and stability of the slope were evaluated.The research shows:(1) The settlement displacement in the monitoring area of the abandoned dump slope of Dagushan Iron Mine is generally greater than the horizontal displacement, and the fluctuation trend of settlement displacement is significantly higher than the horizontal displacement. It can be seen that the slope deformation of Dagushan dump is mainly caused by sedimentation.(2) The settlement curve of each monitoring area fluctuated significantly from July to September of 17 and from December 17 to February 18, showing a trend of decreasing first and then increasing, and it is consistent with the situation that the monitoring area is affected by the summer rainfall and the snow and ice frost heave in winter.And the impact of rainfall on the deformation of the monitoring area is greater than the impact of ice and snow frost heave.(3) The lower part of the monitoring area of the pellet factory, Huanglingzi village and landslide area is generally larger than the upper part deformation and the horizontal displacement and settlement displacement of the tailings monitoring point adjacent to the landslide area are slightly higher than other monitoring points in the tailings pond.Since the bottom of the slope is close to the factory area or residential area, it is necessary to pay attention to the deformation of the bottom of the slope and strengthen the monitoring to ensure the stability and safety of the slope in the area.(4) According to the comprehensive analysis, the monitoring area of the pellet factory is the most deformed in the four monitoring areas of the abandoned dump slope of Dagushan Iron Mine. The Huanglingzi village and the landslide area are the second, and the tailings pond monitoring area has good stability. The research results have reference significance for the monitoring and early-warning of similar mine slope engineering.