土地承包经营权性质探讨

由于农村土地承包经营制并不是单纯按民法理念设计的制度,因此,仅以民法理念来诠释这一制度是不可能对它形成正确认识的。我国农村土地从来就具有社会保障的功能,承包土地权利也从来不是一种单纯的财产权利。我国农村承包土地上存在的是由一系列权利构成的权利束:土地的社会功能(保障属性)派生出成员权,而成员权又派生出土地承包权;土地承包权行使的结果产生承包土地使用权,再由承包土地使用权派生出农户的土地承包经营权。现代农业的发展需要赋予承包土地使用权以物权属性,但应以解决一系列基础性问题为前提。

On the Nature of Contracted Land Operation Right

The rural contracted land operation right is not a pure civil law concept,so it is inappropriate to discuss the said regime from the perspective of civil law.In China,rural land has been always shouldering the social security function and the rural contracted land operation right has never been a kind of pure property right.There are a bundle of rights existing on the rural land:we can deduce the membership of the people live on the land from the social security function shouldered by the same land;from the membership,we deduce the right to contract,exercise of which will result in the contracted land use right,finally comes out the household's contracted land operation right.We should confer real right nature on contracted land use right in order to facilitate the development of modern agriculture.But we must first solve a series of fundamental issues.