微电网复合储能多目标优化配置方法及评价指标

复合储能在微电网功率平衡、平滑可再生能源波动、提升电能质量等方面发挥多重作用,针对包含光伏发电、风力发电和典型负荷的微电网,提出一种合理配置复合储能容量的方法。针对复合储能优化配置,以装置成本最低、功率匹配最佳、可再生能源输出功率平滑度最好建立复合储能多目标优化数学模型,采用自适应惯性权重的粒子群算法求解复合储能多目标函数最优解;针对子目标函数权重系数的确定,提出目标函数适应度离差排序法;提出了定量评估微电网储能多目标优化效果的参数指标,并以此为依据,对比了微电网内蓄电池单一储能多目标优化与复合储能多目标优化结果。最后,通过MATLAB编程进行实例验算,验证了方法的合理、有效性。

Multi-objective Optimization of Hybrid Energy Storage and Assessment Indices in Microgrid

Hybrid energy storage technology has multiple effects on the microgrid, which include keeping power balanced, smoothing fluctuating power of renewable energy and improving power quality,etc.Based on a typical microgrid with photovoltaic/wind/storage and normal loads, a rational capacity allocation method for the hybrid energy storage system is put forward.A hybrid energy storage configuration multi-objective optimization mathematical model is developed at minimum cost, optimal match between power generation and load demand and best smoothing effects of renewable generation.An adaptive weight particle swarm optimization algorithm is put forward to get the optimal solution. To determine the weights of each objective function in the multi-objective optimization model,a ranking method based on average fitness deviation of each objective function is presented.To evaluate the impact of energy storage application on microgrid,assessment indices of energy storage multi-objective optimization are provided; based on which, single battery and composite energy storagemulti-objective compensation effects are compared with each other. Based on the actual data of photovoltaic/wind/load in microgrid programed by MATLAB, an illustrative example is calculated with the algorithm proposed.