麻黄碱与总皂苷对豚鼠气管平滑肌松弛的协同作用

目的　探讨麻黄碱与总皂苷在平喘作用方面有无协同作用。方法　将麻黄碱与总皂苷分成麻黄碱 +总皂苷组、总皂苷组和麻黄碱组进行离体豚鼠气管平滑肌松弛作用强度比较。结果　麻黄碱 +总皂苷组直接松弛豚鼠离体气管平滑肌的作用强度是麻黄碱组的 3 5倍 (P <0 0 5 ) ,总皂苷组无作用 (P >0 0 5 )。麻黄碱 +总皂苷组对氨甲酰胆碱(carbamylcholine,CCH)引起气管平滑肌收缩反应的解痉强度与麻黄碱组相同 ,但两者都比总皂苷组强 (P <0 0 5 )。麻黄碱 +总皂苷、麻黄碱和总皂苷组预先处理气管平滑肌均呈浓度依赖抑制CCH收缩反应 ,三者之间的作用强度无差异。结论　总皂苷对麻黄碱在直接松弛气管平滑肌和抑制CCH引起的气管平滑肌收缩方面具有明显的协同作用 ,但在解痉方面的协同作用不明显

Relaxant synergism of ephedrine and saponin on tracheal smooth muscle in guinea pig

AIM To investigate the synergism on antiasthma between ephedrine and saponin extracted from traditional Chinese medicine of antitussive and expectorant. METHODS Ephedrine and the saponin were separated into three constitutes of mixture:ephedrine and the saponin, the saponin and ephedrine. The relaxant effect on the tracheal smooth muscle (TSM) of guinea pig was evaluated in vitro . RESULTS The direct relaxant effect of mixture on the TSM was 3 5 times ( P <0 05) of ephedrine. EC 50 (95% Conf)of mixture was 6 6(4 6～9 5)×10 -6 g·L -1 and EC 50 (95% Conf) of ephedrine was 23 3(15 2～35.4)×10 -6 g·L -1 . The saponin had no effect ( P >0.05). The inhibitory effect of mixture on the TSM contraction induced by CCH was similar to that of ephedrine while;the inhibitory effect of the mixture and ephedrine was stronger than that of the saponin ( P <0 05).The saponin and ephedr ine concentration dependently inhibited TSM contraction induced by CCH, but there were no significant difference among the three constitutes. CONCLUSION The saponin has obvious synergism to ephedrine in the direct relaxation and inhibition of the contraction induced by CCH while it has no significant synergism to ephedrine in spasmolysis on TSM.