登革病毒感染动物模型研究进展

登革病毒感染可以引起登革热、登革出血热和登革休克综合征,是威胁人类生命的重大公共卫生问题。为解决这一问题,迫切需要构建出适宜的动物模型。登革病毒可以在非人灵长类动物体内相关的细胞内复制并引起免疫反应,但无明显症状。具免疫活性的小鼠感染了登革病毒后一般不会出现症状,颅内接种病毒的小鼠可出现麻痹,使用高剂量病毒感染的新小鼠模型可以发生出血的症状。某些改良的免疫缺陷小鼠感染了登革病毒后可以表现出与人类登革出血热相似的症状。人源化小鼠模型支持登革病毒的复制并且可表现出登革热的部分症状。目前的模型各有优缺点,可分别为登革病毒感染的致病机理、免疫机制以及抗病毒药物和疫苗的临床前研究服务。

Development on animal models of dengue virus infection

Dengue virus can cause dengue fever, dengue hemorrhagic fever and dengue shock syndrome, which leads to a severe public health problem. To resolve this problem, animal models of dengue virus infection, which are in difficult progress, are urgently demanded. Viral replication can be sustained in relevant cell types in non-human primates, but they do not develop obvious disease. Immunocompetent mice infected with DENV do not show disease, however, with intracranial inoculation they develop paralysis and a new model treated with high doses of I）ENV develops hemorrhagic signs after infection. Some immuno deficient mouse models infected with mouse-adapted DENV strains show signs of severe disease similar to the vascular-leak＇ syndrome seen in humans. What＇s more, humanized mouse models can sustain DENV replication and show some signs of dis- ease. All in all, these models are differentially served for studies of dengue pathogenesis, immunopathogenesis, pre-clinical tes- ting of antiviral drugs, and vaccines.