昆虫抗菌肽的作用机制与应用研究进展

抗菌肽是进化上保守的天然免疫应答成分并且在所有生物体中存在。其抗菌谱宽,对病原性的病毒、细菌、寄生虫和真菌等病原微生物都具有拮抗活性。来源于昆虫的抗菌肽通常是带阳离子的,一般少于100个氨基酸。昆虫抗菌肽的作用机制是通过作用其多样性的靶标来实现的,包括破坏细胞膜、作用细胞质成分和干扰代谢等,但部分昆虫抗菌肽的抗菌机制仍未完全明确,深入了解抗菌肽作用机制将推进昆虫抗菌肽药物开发。对已发现的昆虫抗菌肽的作用机制及其应用进行了综述。

Research Advance on Action Mode and Application of Antimicrobial Peptides from Insects

Antimicrobial peptides（AMPs） are evolutionarily preserved elements of the natural immune response and are located among all classes of life,which have activity against a wide range of pathogenic microorganisms such as viruses,bacteria,parasite and fungi.The action mode by which AMPs agents destroy their targets are varied,such as counting membranes disrupt,targeting cytoplasmic components and interfering with metabolism.AMPs from insect are classically cationic and usually composed of less than 100 amino acids.While their structures are diverse,the majority of the AMPs can be classified into a limited number of families.The most frequent structures are represented by peptides presuming the a-helical structure in organic solutions or disulfide-stabilized β-sheets with or without a-helical domains present.Despite an affluence of information on structural requirements for their anti-pathogens activity,the action mode of these peptides is not yet completely understood,therefore an understanding of action mode of AMPs from insects on pathogens cells will develop their uses as therapeutics means.Here the research work done on the action mode of AMPs from insects and their applications are reviewed.