播期对四川盆地杂交籼稻米饭食味品质的影响

为明确播期对四川盆地杂交籼稻米饭食味品质的影响,以杂交籼稻宜香优2115、F优498和川优6203为试验材料,在四川大邑、南部、射洪3个地点设置大田播期试验,利用米饭食味计和硬度黏度仪,研究了不同地点间播期对杂交籼稻米饭外观、口感、综合评分、以及硬度和黏度的影响。结果表明:(1)杂交籼稻的米饭食味品质是地点、品种、播期及其互作共同作用的结果。(2)不同播期间,米饭外观、口感和综合评分均表现为宜香优2115>川优6203>F优498,硬度值则以F优498最高,优质品种宜香优2115米饭食味品质明显较优;不同地点间,适宜推迟播期则可提高米饭外观、口感、综合评分,进而提高米饭食味品质。(3)相关分析表明,综合评分与播种-抽穗期的积温和降雨量分别呈极显著正相关和显著负相关,与抽穗-成熟期积温和日照时数,以及全生育期降雨量呈显著或极显著负相关。(4)GGE模型分析表明,在大邑播期推迟10 d具有较好的综合评分且稳定性好;在南部和射洪,播期推迟10~20 d具有较高的综合评分,且稳定性较好。综合来看,在四川盆地,播期推迟10~20 d可以使水稻灌浆结实期处于较合理的温光环境,进而有效改善杂交籼稻的米饭食味品质,提高综合评分和稳定性。

Effects of sowing date on eating quality of indica hybrid rice in Sichuan Basin

In order to clarify the effects of sowing date on the eating quality of indica hybrid rice,field experiments were conducted in Dayi,Nanbu,and Shehong,Sichuan province,using indica hybrid rice Yixiangyou 2115,F you 498,and Chuanyou 6203 as experimental materials.The effects of sowing dates in different locations on the appearance,taste,comprehensive score,hardness and viscosity of indica hybrid rice were investigated using the rice taste analyzer and the hardness and viscosity analyzer.The results showed as follows:(1)Location,variety,sowing date,and their interaction had significant influences on eating quality of indica hybrid rice.(2)The appearance,taste,and comprehensive score of rice were ranked as Yixiangyou 2115>Chuanyou 6203>F you 498 at each sowing date,while F you 498 possessed the highest hardness value,which indicated that the eating quality of Yixiangyou 2115 was obviously greater than others.The appearance,taste and comprehensive score of rice could be improved with appropriate delaying of sowing date at different locations,and then the quality of rice can be improved.(3)The correlation analysis showed that the comprehensive score was significantly and positively associated with the accumulated temperature,but negatively related to the rainfall from sowing stage to heading stage.Comprehensive score also significantly and negatively correlated to the accumulated temperature,sunshine hours from heading stage to maturity stage,as well as the rainfall during the whole growth period.(4)According to GGE model,a higher comprehensive score and stability was observed in Dayi by ten days postponing at sowing date;Whereas,10 to 20 days delay at sowing date could improve both comprehensive score and stability in Nanbu and Shehong.In conclusion,the delayed sowing date of 10-20 days leaded to a more reasonable temperature and light condition during the grain filling stage of rice in Sichuan basin,thus contributed to the improvement in eating quality of indica hybrid rice by increasing both comprehensive score and stability.