重庆中梁山岩溶区耕作侵蚀影响因素研究

在重庆市中梁山岩溶区用示踪法对坡耕地进行耕作试验研究。结果表明:锄头和铁锹耕作引起的土壤位移距离、位移量与坡度呈正相关,而踩锹引起的土壤位移距离、位移量则与含水量具有一定的相关性。在顺坡耕作时铁锹引起的土壤位移距离、位移量与锄头相近,但它们远远大于踩锹;等高耕作时铁锹引起的土壤位移距离、位移量是锄头的1.3~3.8倍左右。铁锹顺坡耕作引起的土壤位移距离、位移量是它等高耕作的2~2.4倍;锄头顺坡耕作引起的土壤位移距离、位移量是它等高的3~8.8倍。引起土壤位移量的大小顺序依次是:锄头顺坡>铁锹顺坡>铁锹等高>锄头等高>踩锹顺坡。

Study on Influence Factors of Tillage Erosion in Karst Area of Zhongliang Mountain in Chongqing

Based on the study of tillage experiment with tracer method on sloping farmland in karst area of Zhongliang mountain in Chongqing city,the results showed: The mean soil displacement distance,soil translocation aroused by hoe and shovel tillage is closely related to slope gradient.Accepting the implement design and handling effect,the mean soil displacement distance,soil translocation by trample-shovel downslope tillage is to have certain correlativity with soil moisture.The soil displacement distance,soil translocation aroused by shovel downslope tillage has no difference with hoe's,and they are more bigger than trample-shovel's.Till the contour tillage,soil displacement distance,soil translocation of shovel is about 2.5 times of hoe's.Shovel mean soil displacement distance,soil translocation of downslope tillage is 2~2.4 times of contour tillage;the hoe's of downslope tillage is 3~8.76 times of contour tillage.The order Arousing soil translocation is: hoeing downslope tillage> shoveling downslope tillage > shoveling contour tillage > hoeing contour tillage > trample-shovel downslope tillage.That karst area farming land breaks to pieces,the slope comparative short is the main cause of strong tillage erosion.