上皮性卵巢癌的病理及分子诊断

上皮性卵巢癌(EOC)就其病理学特征而言，可被分为Ⅰ、Ⅱ型EOC，二者在肿瘤来源、恶性表型方面均有所不同。Ⅰ、Ⅱ型EOC在病理学形态、临床特征、分子表型等方面，均体现出极高的异质性特点。随着二代基因测序技术对EOC分子特征数据的积累，深化了临床对EOC生物学行为的认识。综合病理及分子特征进行诊断，可能为EOC提供更加高效、精准的筛查和治疗策略。笔者拟就EOC的病理及分子诊断机制，分子诊断技术的发展现状，以及在EOC筛查和治疗应用中的最新研究进展进行阐述。

Pathological and molecular diagnosis of epithelial ovarian cancer

Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is categorized into two pathological subtypes, such as EOC Ⅰ and Ⅱ subtype, with distinct origins and malignant phenotypes. However, EOC presents heterogeneity in diverse aspects like pathological morphology, clinical feature, molecular phenotype, etc.. With increasing data based on second-generation gene sequencing technology, we have deepened our understanding of the biological behaviors of EOC. The comprehensive diagnosis of pathological and molecular characteristics may provide more efficient and accurate screening and treatment strategies for EOC. This paper focuses on the development of EOC′s pathological and molecular diagnosis mechanism and the technology of molecular diagnosis, as well as the latest research progress in the application of EOC screening and treatment.