列车及轨道参数对曲线钢轨波磨影响及防治措施研究

针对地铁曲线段出现的钢轨波磨问题,利用车轨动力学模型研究了转向架一系横向及纵向刚度、轮轨摩擦系数、曲线半径、超高、轨距、轨道横向及垂向支撑刚度等参数对曲线轮轨磨耗的影响,结果表明:(1)适当减小转向架一系纵向刚度可显著降低曲线段轮轨磨耗;(2)轨面摩擦系数由0.5降低至0.3,轮轨磨耗指数可降低约25%;(3)轮轨磨耗随曲线半径的减小呈指数式增长;(4)线路超高、轨距对轮轨磨耗影响较小,进而提出曲线钢轨波磨的防、治措施建议:(1)适当降低轮轨间摩擦系数、提高钢轨硬度、加宽曲线段轨距和开展曲线轨道磨耗信息化管理等措施,可缓解既有线曲线钢轨波磨;(2)优化车辆一系横向及纵向刚度、增大线路曲线半径、避免小半径"S"形曲线、设置曲线欠超高、降低轮轨间摩擦系数等措施,可对新建线路曲线钢轨波磨进行预防。

Study on the Influence of Train and Track Parameters on Curved Rail Corrugation and Preventive Measures

Aiming at the rail corrugation in the curved metro lines, the research on the factors, including the primary longitudinal and lateral stiffness of the vehicle bogie, the wheel-rail friction coefficient, the curve radius, the super elevation, the gauge, the lateral and vertical stiffness of the track system is carried out to study the influence on the rail corrugation, of which the results indicate that: 1) the wheel-rail wear in curved lines can be significantly reduced, with the reduction of the primary longitudinal stiffness of the bogie; 2) the wheel-rail wear index can be reduced by about 25%, with the wheel-rail friction coefficient reduced from 0.5 to 0.3; 3) the wheel-rail wear can be increased exponentially with the reducing curve radius; 4) the influence of the super elevation, the gauge on the wheel-rail wear is little. Then the treatment and preventive measures of the rail corrugation are suggested: 1) series treatment measures on the rail corrugation in the curved lines are given, including decreasing the wheel-rail friction coefficient, raising the rail hardness, widening the gauge, and the wheel-rail wear information management system. 2) series preventive measures on rail corrugation in curved metro lines are given, including the optimization of the primary longitudinal and lateral stiffness of the vehicle bogie, enlarging curve radius, avoidance of the small radius "S" curves, setting less super high and decreasing the wheel-rail friction coefficient.