几种非金属矿缓冲回填材料性能研究

研究了膨润土、海泡石粘土、凹凸棒石粘土、累托石粘土、高岭土及沸石等六种非金属矿的表面电荷、阳离子交换容量、比表面积、渗透系数、导热系数等性能参数，进行了各非金属矿材料对Cs^＋、Sr^2＋、Co^2＋的静态吸附实验。结果表明，沸石和膨润土的表面电荷和阳离子交换容量较大，对Sr^2＋、Cs^2＋、Co^2＋的吸附能力较强。膨润土和累托石渗透系数小，隔水性和膨胀性好，可以作为吸附材料和隔水材料。沸石渗透系数大，隔水性差，不宜作为隔水材料，可以作为吸附材料，与其它材料联合使用，构成复合矿物障壁，阻滞放射性核素的向外迁移。几种非金属矿物材料的导热系数均较小，需要通过添加其它材料来提高导热性能。

PROPERTICES OF NON-METALLIC MINERALS FOR BUFFER-BACKFILL MATERIALS

The physicocbemical and engineering properties of six kind of non-metallic minerals which are bentonite,sepiolite clay,attapulgite clay,reetorite clay,kaolinclay and zeolite,including the surface electric charge,cationic exchange capacity,specific surface area,permeate coefficient and the-mai conductivity,have been studied.The adsorption experiment of non-minerals to Cs~+,Sr~(2+).Co~(2+) have been complete& It is showed that zeolite and bentonite have large surface electric charge and cationic exchange capacity and good adsorption to Cs~+,Sr~(2+),Co~(2+).The bentonite and rectorite clay have the letter permeate coefficient and the better expansibility and can be used as adsorption and impermeable materials.The zeolites have larger permeate coefficient and cannot be used as impermeable materials,but can be used as adsorption mat.dais.The thermal conductivity of non-metallic minerals is little and need improving thermal conductivity by adding other materials.