7岁以下儿童维生素D缺乏性佝偻病的相关因素分析

目的了解7岁以下儿童维生素D缺乏性佝偻病发生的相关因素,为儿童佝偻病的预防和控制提供基础资料。方法整群抽取合肥市某医院确诊为佝偻病的7岁以下患儿75例,按性别和年龄成组匹配收集同期来院体检的正常儿童150例,采用自行设计问卷调查相关因素,利用非条件多元Logistic回归方法分析影响佝偻病的相关因素。结果影响佝偻病的相关因素是孕期常吃鱼、孕期户外活动及日照时间、孕后期补充维生素D及或钙、小儿7个月开始吃含钙高的食物、小儿晒太阳每次暴露皮肤面积等。结论佝偻病是儿童常见及多发病,应加强宣教,早预防早诊治是当务之急。

Risk factors of rickets with vitamin D deficiency under the age of 7-year-old children

Objective To understand the related factors of rickets with vitamin D deficiency under the age of 7 years old, in order to pro- vide the basic data for its prevention and control. Methods Cluster sampling was adopted in a Hefei hospital to select 75 cases diag- nosed rickets in children younger than 7 years, by gender and age group matching we also collected 150 healthy children as controls, con- ducted self-designed questionnaire survey to explore related factors, using unconditioned multivariate Logistic regression methods to ana- lyze the impact of the relevant factors of rickets. Results The related factors were frequent fish intake during pregnancy, outdoor activi- ties during pregnancy and sunshine time, vitamin D supplementation and/or calcium during late pregnancy,intake of foods high in calci- um after 7-month old, exposed skin area at a time. Conclusion Rickets in children is a common and frequently-occurring disease, and the propaganda and education should be strengthened. Early prevention, early diagnosis and treatment are critically important.