成都市某电冶厂大气镍污染对居民健康影响的现况研究

作者研究成都市某电冶厂大气镍污染对厂周居民健康的影响,发现污染区居民体内的镍、钴负荷增加;发镍和发钴含量明显高于对照区;镍的斑贴试验阳性率显著高于对照区;免疫功能未见受影响;耳鼻咽喉科病史与对照区有显著差异。建议该厂采取环境保护措施。

Effects of Air Pollution on Health of Residents in Vicinity of an Electrometallurgical Factory in Chengdu

Air pollution in an electro-metallurgical plant in Chengdu was mo-nitored in 1988.Results showed that atmo-spheric TSP and Ni concentrations in thevicinity of the plant were higher thanthose in control area; and TSP contenthigher than its health standard level. A population of 262 children was phy-sically examined in the same pollutionand control areas in May, 1988. Physicalexaminations were as follows:otorhinola-ryngological examination, skin patch testof Ni and Co,immune function test(inclu-ding PHA skin test, salivary LZM con-tent), Ni levels in human hair and urineetc. We found that body burdens of Ni inpopulation of pollution area increased be-cause of the pollution of Ni compounds inthe atmosphere. Hair Ni content in pollu-tion area was significantly higher thanthat in control area. and the positive rateof Ni skin patch test was also markedlyhigher than that in control area. Case his-tory indicated that there was a significantdifference in Ni content as detectedby otorhinolaryngological examinationsbetween the pollution and control areas.Some measures were suggested to improvethe air quality based on the study.