采收期对渭北旱塬北冰红葡萄香气成分的影响

采用顶空固相微萃取（HS-SPME）结合气相色谱质谱联用（GC-MS）的方法测定葡萄果实香气成分，并结合聚类分析（CA）和主成分分析（PCA）方法，对渭北旱塬地区不同采收期北冰红葡萄的香气成分进行分析。结果表明，供试北冰红葡萄中共检出50种香气物质，其中9月20日的样品香气物质总含量最高，10月20号的样品醛酮类物质含量最高，11月20日的样品酯类物质的含量和种数均最高，聚类分析和主成分分析结果表明，10月20日和11月20日的葡萄香气更复杂馥郁，主要以果香和花香为主。渭北旱塬地区不同采收期北冰红葡萄的香气成分变化差异显著，综合考虑基本理化指标以及香气含量和感官特征，建议最佳采收期为11月中下旬。

Effect of harvest time on aroma components of Beibinghong grape in Weibei rainfed highland

The aroma components in Beibinghong grape with different harvest times were determined by headspace-solid phase microextraction (HS-SPME) combined with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), and analyzed by cluster analysis and principal components analysis. The results showed that a total of 50 aroma components in tested Beijinghong grape were detected, among them, the total content of aroma components in samples was the highest on September 20, the content of aldehydes and ketones was the highest on October 20, and the esters content and species were the highest on November 20. The results of cluster analysis (CA) and principal component analysis (PCA) showed that the aroma in grape on October 20 and November 20 were more complex and rich, mainly fruity and floral. The difference of aroma components of Beibinghong grape was significant in Weibei rainfed highland with different harvest time. Considering the basic physical and chemical indexes, aroma contents and sensory characteristics, the optimal harvest time was mid to late November.