基于气候的植被空间分布的数字模拟——以内蒙古为例

介绍了一种在GIS支持下,基于气候的植被空间分布的数字模拟方法。研究以内蒙古为例,结果表明,内蒙古植被的空间分布与气候存在明显的相关性。以气候因子为变量,对植被类型的判别较好,地带性植被、山地植被、沙地植被和低湿地植被的判对率分别为61.82%、64.44%、82.72%帮77.44%,数字模拟的结果较好,k值为0.50。对植被地带的判别和模拟的准确性明显提高,判对率达86.84%,k值为0.57,模拟结果属很好,判别和模拟的错误主要出现在因基质、地形、人类干扰等因素而产生的非地带性和次生、退化的植被中,该方法适于分析大尺度空间中植被地带与气候的关系。与传统的植被-气候研究方法相比,所使用的植被和气候因子数字图象具备空间和数值上的连续性,结果客观且可以重复、使用精准的专题数据如数字遥感信息,以及引入更多的专题数据如土壤、植被生产力、样地资料等,是提高判别和模拟准确性的有效途径。

Climate-based digital simulation on spatial distribution of vegetation- A case study in Inner Mongolia

In Inner Mongolia, previous researches showed correlation between vegetation zones and climate in early 1960s. Later, humidity data was used to describe zonation in detail. Since 1980s, vegetation climate relationship was studied deeply with the successful application of remote sensing on vegetation survey, and the range of humidity for main vegetation zones was modified. Moreover, multivariate analysis was also introduced to explain vegetation attributes quantitatively in climate space. The objective of t...