天津市某百货大楼新型冠状病毒肺炎聚集性疫情调查分析

目的 对截至2020年2月18日涉及天津市某百货大楼关联确诊新型冠状病毒肺炎病例流行病学特征进行描述性分析,为制定防控策略提供参考。方法 对某百货大楼关联病例进行分析,包括病例特征、时间地区分布、临床表现、流行病学史及传播情况等。结果 某百货大楼关联病例40例,占辖区确诊病例数(53例)的75.47%,发病主要分布在 ≥ 60岁(35.00%);职业以农民为主(40.00%);临床表现主要为发热(95.00%),其次为咳嗽(35.00%),存在腹泻(15.00%),确诊重型比例为32.50%;流行曲线显示发病高峰出现在1月31日。聚集性疫情中涉及一代病例百货大楼员工6例(15.00%)、顾客19例(47.50%),二代密切接触续发病例15例(37.50%);最早发病员工1月21日发病,潜伏期内有外省市批发市场进货史,有3名员工发病后在岗工作;顾客发病潜伏期平均为6 d,发病就诊间隔7 d。结论 此次宝坻百货大楼关联病例为一起新型冠状病毒肺炎聚集性疫情,目前采取防控措施后已取得阶段性效果。

Investigation and analysis on characteristics of a cluster of COVID-19 associated with exposure in a department store in Tianjin

Objective To describe the epidemiological characteristics of a cluster of COVID-19 cases reported in Baodi district of Tianjin as of 18 February, 2020, which might be associated with the exposure in a local department store, and provide suggestions for prevention and control strategy development. Methods The basic characteristics, time and area distributions, clinical manifestations, epidemiological history and transmission mode of the COVID-19 cases associated with the department store exposure were analyzed. Results A total of 40 COVID-19 cases were associated with the department store exposure, accounting for 75.47% of the total confirmed cases (53 cases) reported in Baodi district. The cases were mainly at the age of 60 years or older (35.00%) and farmers (40.00%). The main clinical manifestations included fever (95.00%), cough (35.00%), and diarrhea (15.00%). The proportion of confirmed severe cases was 32.50%. The incidence curve showed that the incidence peak occurred on 31 January, 2020. Among the 40 cases, 6(15.00%) were department store employees, 19 (47.50%) were customers and 15 (37.50%) were close contacts (secondary cases). The first case occurred on 21 January, 2020, this case was a department store employee who had a purchasing history at whole sale markets in other provinces and cities before the onset, and 3 employees were still on duty after symptom onsets. The median of the incubation period of customer cases was 6 days, and the median of the interval between onset and medical treatment of customer cases was 7 days. Conclusion This was a cluster epidemic of COVID-19, which might be associated with the exposure in the department store. By now, the current prevention and control measures have achieved satisfied effects.