中国民用煤洁净化利用现状及展望

概括论述了我国民用煤的来源和现状,分析了民用煤不同煤种和形态的特点,讨论了不同燃烧方式的原理及污染排放情况;根据研究现状重点分析了关于民用煤的洁净化利用方法,针对民用煤的燃前加工、燃烧技术和燃后处理三方面论述,做到从源头治理,提高过程效率,有效处理烟气污染,提出了我国民用煤洁净化利用的建议和思路:研究型煤固硫机理和影响因素,开发高固硫率型煤,研制成本低、机械性能好、适用性强的生物质型煤,推广型煤替代散煤;开发高效、洁净、低成本民用灶具,提高民用煤热效率,实现洁净燃烧;实现燃煤烟气处理系统的民用化。

Status and prospect of cleaning utilization of civil coal in China

Origin and current situation of civil coal in China was discussed.The effects of characteristics of civil coal types and forms and combustion technologies on the pollutant emission were analyzed.Based on research status,the civilian coal clean utilization technologies were summarized from 3 aspects:pre-combustion processing,combustion technology and post-processing.The recommendations of civil coal clean utilization are proposed.The briquette with high sulfur retention rate should be developed based on the mechanism and influencing factors of sulfur retention.The biomass briquette with low cost,good mechanical performance and good applicability should be developed.The replacement of raw coal by briquette will be benefit to the environment.The developing of efficient,clean and low cost civil cooking stoves should be emphasized to improve the thermal efficiency of civil coal and achieve clean combustion.The civilian use of coal-fired flue gas purification system should be realized.