饲喂黄顶菊对黄粉虫生长发育及繁殖的影响

【背景】黄顶菊是近年来人侵我国的一种有害杂草，其竞争力强，给自然界造成了严重危害，同时也产生了大量的生物质资源。作为一种杂食性昆虫，黄粉虫易于饲养，可以用于多种生物质资源的转化处理。【方法】本研究分别以黄顶菊、小白菜和西瓜皮作为青料，与麦麸等配制成人工饲料后，对黄粉虫进行定期饲喂，研究其对黄粉虫幼虫、成虫生长发育及繁殖的影响。【结果】黄粉虫幼虫饲料中添加一定比例的黄顶菊与添加小白菜相比，虫体生物量增长率较低，饲料利用率和死亡率较高；成虫饲料中添加黄顶菊与添加西瓜皮相比，黄粉虫平均寿命延长，单雌产卵量减少，且差异均显著，体长略有减小。【结论与意义】本研究对利用黄粉虫转化处理黄顶菊的效果做出了初步评价，即黄粉虫能够取食黄顶菊，但转化处理效果不太理想。

Influence of feeding on Flaveria bidentis on growth, development and reproduction in Tenebrio molitor

Background ] Flaveria bidentis （L.） Kuntze is a dangerous invasive weed which has strong competitiveness and vigorous growth. Tenebrio molitor L. is an omnivore, and can make use of various biomass resources. It is also an important laboratory insect, with demands on artificially reared larvae and adutls for varipus purposes. Method] We used F. bidentis, pakchoi cabbage and wa- termelon peel as greenfeed to make artificial diet, and the influence of feeding F. bidentis on the growth, development and reproduc- tion of T. molitor were registered. Result ] When we added some proportion of F. bldentis to larval diet, the growth rate was re- duced, and the efficiency of diet utilization and mortality were increased in contrast to adding some pakchoi cabbage. When we add- ed F. bidentis to the adult diet, the average longevity was significantly extended, while oviposition per female was significantly re- duced, and the body length of emerging adults was shortened non-significantly. Conclusion and significance] A preliminary calcula- tion of conversion efficiency of F. bidentis by T. molitor indicated that although T. molitor could feed on F. bidentis, the conversion ef- ficiency was not very good.