兰新高铁烟墩大风区风沙地貌制图与风沙灾害成因

兰新高铁是中国首条穿越戈壁大风区和风沙区的高速铁路。哈密以东的烟墩大风区戈壁分布集中、地貌复杂，特殊的地貌和气候条件导致该区成为兰新高铁风沙灾害最严重的区域之一，风沙灾害影响路段占研究区路段全长的57%，其中K2810-K2817、K2820-K2840路段受灾最为严重，对高铁的安全运行造成威胁。研究表明：强劲风力和丰富沙源是造成兰新高铁风沙危害的主要原因，弃耕地、灌丛沙堆地、被破坏的戈壁地表和风蚀残丘是主要沙源。戈壁地表工程建设是高铁哈密东段地表疏松、沙害频发的另一成因。基于高分辨率遥感影像，结合实地调查，绘制了典型沙害形成模式下3个沙害路段的风沙地貌专题图，为今后建立科学合理的风沙灾害防治体系提供科学依据。

Aeolian Landform Cartography and Cause of the Blown-sand Disaster on Lanzhou-Xinjiang High-speed Railway in Yandun Gale Region of Xinjiang,China

Lanzhou-Xinjiang High-speed Railway is the first high-speed railway in China to cross the gobi gale region and sandy areas. The Yandun gale region on the east of Hami city is mainly distributed with gobi and other complex geomorphic types. The special landforms and climate make this region to be one of the most vulnerable area, and 57% of the study area is affected by the blown-sand disaster, and K2810-K2817 and K2820-K2840 are the most serious afflicted. According to the primary study, the strong wind and rich sand source in this area are the main factors causing the sand disaster to the high-speed railway, andthe abandoned land, the nabkha, the broken gobi surface and the loose wind-eroded monadnock are the main sand source. Human activities such as engineering construction destroyed the gobi surface, which is another reason leading to the sand disaster frequently these years. Based on high-resolution remote sensing images, combined with field survey data, the paper drew a thematic map of three sections in typical blown-sand disaster formation mode, which could provide scientific basis for establishing a scientific and reasonable control system to prevent disaster.