婴幼儿期使用抗生素所致菌群失衡对疾病发生的影响研究进展

人体表面定植的各种细菌承载庞大的基因库,它们之间的互相作用对维持人体微生态的稳定必不可少。婴幼儿期是生长发育的重要时期,同样也是菌群演替的关键时期。此时期免疫系统发育尚未成熟,容易受病毒及细菌感染,而使用抗生素治疗细菌感染是难以避免的。然而抗生素的使用不仅改变正常菌群,进而改变人体的免疫反应和代谢模式,同时对人体产生长远的影响,导致疾病的发生,甚至引起人体定植的正常菌群产生耐药性,构成新的耐药菌株的来源。本文就近年来婴幼儿期使用抗生素所致菌群失衡对疾病发生的影响作一综述。

Advances in the study on the influence of dysbiosis ofmicrobiota caused by antibiotics in infancy on disease occurrence

Abstract: A variety of bacteria on the surface of human body carry a huge gene pool. The interactions between them are essential to maintain the stability of human ecology. Infancy is an important period of growth and a significant time period for the succession of flora, during which period the immature immune system is vulnerable to the infections by viruses and bacteria. For bacterial infections, treatment with antibiotics is inevitable. However, the use of antibiotics not only brings about dysbiosis of microbiota, changes the ways of immune responses and the metabolism of the body, causes long-term impacts on the human body and even leads to diseases, but also causes antibiotic resistance of normal microflora colonized in the body, and constitutes a new source of resistant strains. The article reviewed the influence of dysbiosis of microbiota caused by antibiotics in infancy on disease occurrence in recent years.