热环境下50米跑对学生心率血压的影响

目的：通过监测热环境下沈阳师范大学体育科学学院运动训练专业学生50米跑前后心率、血压变化，阐明热环境下50米跑对心率血压的影响。方法：在热环境下，先测定受试者安静心率、血压，进行50米跑，并分别测定跑后第一分钟、第二分钟、第三分钟的心率、血压。根据心率指数公式：N=S·∑P/t·P2计算出男女生的心率指数，将第一分钟、第二分钟、第三分钟的心率、血压分别与安静心率、血压进行比较，观察其变化规律。结果：（1）热环境下50米跑后3min男女生心率均显著高于跑前安静心率（P＜0.01），且女生跑后心率恢复较慢；（2）热环境下男女生50米跑的心率指数分别为22.86±3.08和18.66±2.54；（3）热环境下男生50米跑后三分钟收缩压均显著高于跑前安静收缩压，女生跑后前2min收缩压显著高于跑前安静收缩压；（4）热环境下男生50米跑后前两分钟舒张压显著高于跑前安静舒张压；女生跑后3min舒张压均显著高于跑前安静舒张压。

The Effect of 50-meter Dash on Heart Rate and Blood Pressure of Students in Sports Training under Hot Environment

Objective： By monitoring the changes of heart rate, blood pressure of sports training students of Shenyang Normal University in 50-meter dash in hot environment, I clarifies the impact of 100-meter dash on heart function in this essay. Method：In a hot environment, we firstly measured students’ resting heart rate, blood pressure. After a 50-meter dash, we respectively measured the students’ heart rate, blood pressure after the first minute, the second minute and the third minute run. Based on the heart rate equation, we figured out the HRVI of boys and girls. Then we respectively compared the heart rate and blood pressure of the first minute, the second minute and the third minute with resting heart rate and blood pressure, observing regularities of variation.
Results： （1） Heart rate of boys and girls after three minutes run in 50-meter dash under hot environment were obviously higher than the resting heart rate before running （P〈0.01）, and recovery of girls’ heart rate took longer time than that of boys’. （2） The HRVIs of boys and girls after running were 22.86 ± 3.08 and 18.66±2.54. （3） In hot environment, in the 3 minutes after 50-meter dash, boys’ systolic pressure obviously exceeded resting systolic pressure before running; in the 2 minutes after running, girls’ systolic pressure obviously exceeded resting systolic pressure before running. （4） In hot environment, in the 2 minutes after 50-meter dash, boys’ diastolic blood pressure obviously exceeded resting diastolic blood pressure before running; in the 3 minutes after running, girls’diastolic blood pressure obviously exceeded resting diastolic blood pressure before running. Conclusion：In hot environment, 50-meter run has obvious effect on heart rate of boys and girls. The HRVIs of boys and girls after running were 22.86 ± 3.08 and 18.66 ±2.54. In hot environment, 50-meter run has greater influence on boys’ systolic blood pressure, whereas it has greater influence on girls’ diastolic blood pressure. Thus, when we let students have a 50-meter dash in hot environment, we should pay due attention to monitor their heart rate, boys’ systolic blood pressure and girls’ diastolic blood pressure after running.