定量血管内光学相干层析成像的研究进展

血管内光学相干层析成像(IVOCT)是目前分辨率最高的血管内成像技术,可对冠状动脉血管腔及管壁内膜下病变进行快速、清晰的成像。仅根据组织结构的层析图像无法精确识别粥样硬化斑块成分(如钙化、纤维化、脂质和混合斑块),需要形态结构之外的生理信息的对比机制,获得具有临床诊断价值的组织参数,即定量IVOCT(qIVOCT)。本文针对根据IVOCT原始背向散射信号和灰阶图像定量测量血管壁组织的光学特性参数、弹性参数和血流动力学参数的研究现状进行归纳和总结,分析目前存在的问题,展望可能的发展方向。

Progress of quantitative intravascular optical coherence tomography

Intravascular optical coherence tomography(IVOCT) has emerged as a high-resolution and minimalinvasive imaging technique that provides high-speed visualization of coronary arterial vessel walls and clearly displays the vessel lumen and lesions under the intima. However, morphological gray-scale images cannot provide enough information about the tissue components to accurately characterize the plaque tissues including calcified, fibrous, lipidic and mixed plaques. Quantitative IVOCT(q IVOCT) is necessary to provide the physiological contrast mechanisms and obtain the characteristic parameters of tissues with clinical diagnostic value. In this paper, the progress of q IVOCT is reviewed. The current methods for quantitatively measuring optical, elastic and hemodynamic parameters of vessel wall and plaque tissues using IVOCT gray-scale images and raw backscattered signals are introduced and potential development is forecast.