广东农业外来有害生物空心莲子草入侵的历史阶段与特点

空心莲子草是广东的重要入侵植物之一,在广东的大部分地区均有分布,对广东的农业、水上交通、自然生态等产生较大的危害.文章对空心莲子草的历史阶段与特点进行研究可对其生长习性、入侵规律有更好的了解,有利于对其进行更好的防治与利用.空心莲子草在广东的入侵共分为三个历史阶段,第一阶段为引进与逸生时期（1970-1979年）,野生种群规模小、分散,对广东的地区的危害不大;第二阶段为建立种群与快速蔓延时期（1980-1999年）,入侵范围的不断增加,危害较大,莲草直胸跳甲对防治空心莲子草产生了一定防控作用;第三阶段为大规模危害与开发利用时期（2000年至今）,种群规模更大、危害的生境不断增加、危害范围进一步扩散,但防治技术并有一定程度的提高.

The Historical Stages And Characteristics of Invasive Alien Plant Alternanthera Philoxeroides in Guangdong Area

Alternanthera philoxeroides are important invasive plants in Guangdong. They are distributed in most of Guangdong and do great harm to the agriculture, waterway transportation and natural ecosystems in Guangdong. The search on the historical stages and characteristics of alternanthera philoxeroides will help us have a better knowledge of their growth habit and invasion rules, and prevent and use alternanthera philoxeroides better. The invasion of alternanthera philoxeroides in Guangdong can be divided into three his- torical stages. The first stage is introduction and escape stage（1970--1979） ：the size of wildlife population is small and scattered, and the harm to Guangdong is less. The second stage is population establishment and rapid spread stage（1980--1999）：the mounting invasion size and harm, and straight beetles play a significant role in the prevention of alternanthera philoxeroides. The third stage is large scale of harm and development stage（2000--now） ：larger population and mounting harmed habitat, but prevention and control technology is improved to a certain extent.