N-正丁基二乙基酰亚胺合成表征及对稀土元素的萃取行为

合成N-正丁基二乙基酰亚胺萃取剂（BDAI），通过元素分析、红外光谱、紫外光谱、核磁共振及质谱等测试手段对其组成结构进行表征，并考查其萃取稀土元素的性能。结果表明．以正丁胺和乙酰氯为主要原料。用三乙胺为缚酸剂，在盐冰浴条件下较容易合成N-正丁基二乙基酰亚胺。萃取试验表明。稀土萃取分配比随体系酸度增大而降低，萃取剂浓度越高，萃取效果越好，BDAI与稀土的配合比也不完全相同。稀土萃取反应的△H均为负值。萃取过程为放热反应，体系温度越低越有利于稀土的萃取。BDAI对镧系离子的苹取反应在酸度、萃取剂用量与体系温度等因素下。可能存在四分组效应。

Synthesis, Characterization and Extraction for Rare Earth of N-butyl Diethyl Imide

The N-butyl diethyl imide(shorted as BDAI),a extractant for rare earth metals, is synthesized and identified by elemental analysis,infrared spectrum,ultra violet,nuclear magnetic resonance and mass spectrum etc.And the performance of the extractant for rare earth metals is also tested.The results show that N-butyl diethyl imide can be synthesized easily with n-butylamine and acetyl chloride as principal raw materials and triethylamine as acid-binding agent by means of salt ice.It is indicated by extraction experiments that the lesser acidity and the higher concentration of extractant,the better the separation result of rare earth metals.However,the complex ratios between BDAI and rare earths are not similar fully.Enthalpy value below zero shows that extraction process gives off heat.Lower temperature is in favor of extraction of rare earths.There exits several tetrad effect possibly due to factors such as acidity,amount of extractant and temperature during extraction of lanthanides by BDAI.