河南地区1996～2007年出生缺陷监测结果分析

目的了解河南省出生缺陷的变化趋势、相关因素及防治方法 ;为制定进一步提高出生人口素质政策提供科学依据。方法按照全国医院＂出生缺陷监测方案＂在我省23个地市,由1996年开始时的57所分娩医院到2003年扩展到75所医院进行,具体内容通过填写《围产儿季报表》和《出生缺陷儿登记卡》来完成。结果河南省出生缺陷监测体系中围产儿男女性别比无明显变化,持续处于较高水平,平均126.5∶100;出生缺陷发生率整体有下降趋势,乡村出生缺陷儿发生率高于城镇、女性出生缺陷儿发生率高于男性;以25岁～年龄组出生缺陷儿发生率最低,高龄产妇（≥35岁）组出生缺陷发生率较高;主要的出生缺陷依次是神经管畸形、总唇裂、先天性脑积水、先天性心脏病、多指（趾）畸形、肢体短缩畸形、马蹄内翻足。结论降低新生儿出生性别比;重点关注高龄产妇（≥35岁）的保健;预防神经管缺陷的发生是提高我省出生人口素质的重要措施。

Result analysis of birth defects supervise in Henan province within 1996～2007

Objective：To finding out the changing trend,correlation factor and the method of prevention and cure.To provide science thereunder to set down the policy of improving population diathesis. Method：Birth defects supervise had finished though filling in perinatal children quarter report forms and birth defects children registration from 57 hospital in 1996 to 75 hospitals in 2003 of 23 cities in Henan province according to national birth defects supervise plan. Results：Sex ratio of perinatal children in birth defects supervise system of Henan province is not distinct change and standing in upper level of 126.5：100.The whole of birth defects occur ratio is downtrend,the ratio in the village is more than in city,female is more than male. The birth defects Occur ratio in the age of 25～ is undermost and it in the age of 35～ is upper.The primary birth defects in turn is neurocoele defect,cleft lip,hydrocephalus,genetous cardiopathy,polydactyl,congenital club foot.Conclusion：It is the important measure of improving the whole province birth population diathesis to decrease sex ratio,stress health care of senile women（〉35） and prevent occur ratio of neurocoele defect.