金属卟啉仿生催化剂进展

细胞色素P-450是一种生物体内催化分子氧氧化内源底物的单加氧酶,其活性片段的核心结构是金属卟啉络合物。人工合成的金属卟啉络合物可作为细胞色素P-450的有效模拟物,应用于烯烃、直链烷烃、环烷烃、芳烃、芳烃侧链、及各种杂原子等多种底物的催化氧化。人工合成的金属卟啉络合物可分为：对称型金属卟啉、非对称型金属卟啉、μ-氧代双核金属卟啉、负载型金属卟啉4大类。现以金属卟啉络合物的结构为线索,论述了结构与催化活性及稳定性的内在联系,重点介绍了近几年国内外金属卟啉仿生催化剂的氧化应用研究进展,及仿生催化氧化的工业化发展前景。

Advances of Metalloporphyrins Biomimetic Catalysts in Oxidation Reactions

Cytochrome P-450 is a kind of monooxygenase,which is used as catalyst for the oxidation of endogenous substrates by molecular oxygen in vivo.The core structure of its active segments is metalloporphyrin complexes.Synthetic metalloporphyrin complexes could be used as effective mimics of Cytochrome P-450 for the catalytic oxidation of organic substrates which include alkenes,linear alkanes,cycloalkanes,arenes,aromatic side-chains,and sorts of heteroatoms.Synthetic metalloporphyrin complexes could be divided into three categories：symmetrical metalloporphyrin,asymmetric metalloporphyrins,μ-oxo-bismetalloporphyrins,and supported metalloporphyrins.Using structures of metalloporphyrins as the index,the interrelationship between the structure,catalytic activity and stability is reviewed.The recent progress of application of metalloporphyrins in oxidation reactions and the industrialization prospect of biomimetic oxidation was mainly reviewed.