DNA错配修复蛋白多功能性的研究进展

DNA错配修复(mismatch repair,MMR)系统是DNA损伤修复的多种途径之一,存在于从细菌、酵母到人体的所有生物体,由一组高保守性酶蛋白组成.其通过校正DNA复制及重组中产生的碱基错配与插入/缺失环,维持所有生物基因组稳定性的功能已研究比较清楚.越来越多的研究还揭示了错配修复蛋白的其他功能:参与调控DNA损伤应答,同源重组,减数分裂的染色体配对和分离,抗体多样性产生及三核苷酸重复序列扩增等过程.本文将对错配修复蛋白多功能性的研究进展作一综述.

Progress in the versatilities of DNA mismatch repair proteins

DNA Mismatch Repair (MMR) system is one of DNA damage repair pathways, existing in all organisms from bacteria, yeast to human. This system consists of a group of highly-conserved enzymatic proteins. The well-studied function of MMR proteins is to maintain the stability of the genomes by correcting basebase mismatches and insertion/deletion loops generated during DNA replication and recombination. Increasing numbers of researches have revealed that the MMR proteins have multiple roles, including regulation of DNA damage response, homologous recombination, meiotic chromosome pairing and segregation, diversification of antibody and tri-nucleotide repeat expansion. This review is about the resent progress in the study of the versatilities of DNA mismatch repair proteins.