2%利多卡因与4%阿替卡因对上颌牙齿不可复性牙髓炎患者麻醉效果比较

目的:比较2%利多卡因含1:100 000肾上腺素与4%阿替卡因含1:100 000肾上腺素对上颌牙齿不可复性牙髓炎颊侧浸润麻醉效果。方法:90例患者以随机双盲的方式接受2%利多卡因或4%阿替卡因颊侧浸润麻醉。45例接受利多卡因和45例接受阿替卡因。牙髓麻醉成功与否是注射之后用牙髓活力电测试仪来评估。测试仪最大读数为80同时患者无主观感觉,此时定性为麻醉成功。患者在治疗期间对疼痛的主观评价通过视觉模拟评分标尺记录。结果:注射后10 min之内,90例牙齿中65例麻醉成功,利多卡因注射后麻醉成功30例,阿替卡因注射后麻醉成功35例(P=0.24);49例接受了无痛治疗,利多卡因注射后无痛治疗20例,阿替卡因注射后无痛治疗29例。利多卡因和阿替卡因颊侧浸润麻醉后,麻醉起效时间相似(平均值±标准差分别为4.36±0.86 min、3.81±0.96 min;t=1.6;P=0.11)。结论:在上颌牙齿不可复性牙髓炎,利多卡因和阿替卡因的颊侧浸润麻醉效果无明显性差异。

Comparison of Anesthetic Efficacy of 2% Lidocaine and 4% Articaine in Patients with irreversible Pulpitis in Maxillary Teeth

Objective To compare the anesthetic efficacy of buccal infiltration of 2% lidocaine with 1：100 000 epinephrine and 4% artieaine with 1：100 000 epinephrine in maxillary teeth with irreversible pulpitis.Methods Ninety patients randomly received, in a double-blind manner, maxillary teeth buccal infiltration of 2% lidocaine with 1：100 000 epinephrine or 4% artieaine with 1：100 000 epinephrine.Forty five patients received lidocaine and 45 received articaine.The absence/presence of pulpal anesthesia is assessed using an electronic pulp tester after injection.Pulp anesthesia success was considered to have occurred when no response was obtained to the maximum stimulation（80 reading） of pulp tester.Patient＇ s self-reported pain response was recorded by using the Visual Analogue Scale during pulpectomy.Results Of the 90 patients,65 achieved successful pulpal anesthesia within 10 minutes after injection：30 after lidocaine and 35 after articaine;49 experienced pain-free treatment;20 after lidoeaine and 29 after articaine.The onset of pulpal anesthesia after injection was similar（mean and standard deviations：4.36±0.86 minutes,3.81± 0.96 minutes,respectively;t=1.6; P=0.11）.Conclusion There was no significant difference in efficacy between 2% lidocaine and 4% articaine for buccal infiltration in patients with irreversible pulpitis in maxillary teeth.