居民慢性非传染性疾病及行为危险因素干预效果监测

目的探讨居民慢性非传染性疾病及其相关影响因素,为慢性非传染性疾病综合防治提供依据,在社区居民中开展健康教育和效果评估。方法在2个街道的生活社区和社会单位及中小学随机抽取不同人群进行了行为危险因素与慢性非传染性疾病进行监测调查,对目标人群开展了综合性的健康教育和行为干预,并对其干预效果进行评价分析。结果干预后人群慢性非传染性疾病相关知识有大幅度提高。行为危险因素暴露情况,多数态度和行为有改善,但也有少数项目无明显变化。表明社区开展慢性非传染性疾病综合防治的健康促进对慢性病预防是有效果的。在社区人群中针对慢性非传染性疾病开展综合防治及健康促进对居民慢性非传染性疾病知识的提高有明显效果,但态度和行为改善不如知识明显,由卫生知识转化为健康行为需要一定的条件和时间。结论慢性非传染性疾病综合干预能够改变整个人群的危险因素水平,是降低慢性非传染性疾病发病率的有效途径。

Surveillance of effectiveness of comprehensive intervention for chronic non-communicable diseases and related behavioral risk factors in local residents

Objective To study behavioral risk factors for chronic non-communicable diseases in local residents of Shijingshan, Beijing to provide evidence for their comprehensive prevention and control with health education and to evaluate its effectiveness.Methods Comprehensive health education and behavioral intervention were instituted in varied residents selected from two local neighborhoods, institutions and schools and their effectiveness was evaluated by surveillance.Results After comprehensive intervention, awareness of knowledge about chronic non-communicable diseases in local residents improved greatly, their exposure to behavioral risk factors reduced, and most changed their attitude and behaviors related to life-style diseases, but no obvious changes occurred in less than half of their behavior, indicating that health promotion with comprehensive prevention and treatment for chronic non-communicable diseases was effective, but more time is needed from knowledge of health to healthy behaviors.Conclusion Comprehensive intervention for life-style-related disease could change their risk factors in local residents, which is an effective way to decrease incidence of chronic non-communicable diseases.