成都地区45岁及以上艾滋病病毒感染者和艾滋病患者流行特征分析

目的 探究成都地区45岁以上艾滋病病毒感染者和艾滋病(HIV/AIDS)患者流行特征.方法 应用流行病学方式对2018—2020年期间成都地区45岁及以上HIV/AIDS患者发病资料予以分析.结果 2018—2020年新报告成都地区45岁及以上HIV/AIDS患者219例(35.67％),2018—2020年期间成都地...

Epidemiological characteristics of 45 year-old or older HIV-infected persons and patients with AIDS in Chengdu

Objective To explore the epidemiological characteristics of 45 year-old or older human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)-infected persons and patients with acquired immune deficiency syndrome(AIDS)in Chengdu.Methods Epidemiological methods were used to analyze the data of 45 year-old or older patients with HIV/AIDS reported in Chengdu from 2018 to 2020.Results From 2018 to 2020,there were 219 newly reported cases aged 45 and above(35.67%)with HIV/AIDS in Chengdu,and the differences among them were statistically significant(χ²=6.45,P<0.05).Among the subjects,HIV infected cases accounted for 72.60%,males accounted for 75.80%,most subjects were 56-65 years old(48.86%),living in Jinjiang District(39.73%),working in service industries(36.99%),divorced or widowed(67.58%),and Han people(72.15%).There were no significant differences in above characteristics of HIV-infected persons and patients with AIDS from 2018 to 2020(χ²=0.29,0.22,5.65,1.92,5.68,1.12,2.12,0.39,P>0.05).75.34%of the patients were infected through heterosexual transmission,and 50.68%were detected at treatment.The proportion of patients whose first CD4 cell test result was lower than 200/μL was relatively higher(43.84%).Nearly 81.28%of the patients received antiviral therapy,and the mortality reached 16.89%.From 2018 to 2020,the difference in transmission route,sample source,the first examination results of CD4 cells,antiviral treatment,or prognosis was not statistically significant(χ²=1.29,3.59,1.56,0.01,0.35,P>0.05).Fever(62.10%),fatigue(42.01%),and lymph node enlargement(28.77%)were main symptoms of the patients.51.14%were detected in outpatient examinations,and most patients were accompanied by at least one opportunistic infection.Cytomegalovirus infection(56.16%)and Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection(36.53%)were main virus infection types.From 2018 to 2020,there was no significant difference in symptoms,visiting departments or combined infection(χ²=0.07-3.00,3.00,0.20-2.61,P>0.05).Conclusion The prevalence of HIV/AIDS is relatively severe in 45 year-old or older people in Chengdu.The constituent ratio and the incidence rate show an upward trend.Therefore,individualized prevention and control strategies should be formulated for 45 year-old or older people to effectively suppress the transmission of HIV/AIDS in the middle-aged and the elderly.