大鼠颈部交感神经对三叉神经轴浆运输的影响

目的探讨颈部交感神经对三叉神经轴浆运输的影响。方法选用48只Wistar大白鼠，右侧为实验侧，左侧对照侧，用微量注射器在双侧眶下区对称的部位注射30%辣根过氧化酶(horseradishperoxidase,HRP)5μl，同时在实验侧C5颈椎横突处注射0.5%布比卡因和确炎舒松A各半的混悬液0.4ml，在对侧注射0.9%的生理盐水0.4ml作为对照。动物分别存活4、6、8、10、12、14h后，经升主动脉灌注杀死。取双侧颈上交感神经节和三叉神经节，冰冻切片后利用TMB法进行显色反应，观察切片内HRP标记阳性细胞的情况，应用图像分析系统对双侧颈上交感神经节和三叉神经节内阳性细胞进行分类和计数，并分析双侧阳性细胞的平均面积和平均光密度。结果实验侧三叉神经节最早出现标记细胞的时间是6h，对照侧是8h，实验侧HRP轴浆运输的速度是(5.50±0.95)mm/h,对照侧是(3.99±0.81)mm/h(P<0.01)。实验侧三叉神经标记细胞平均面积和及平均面积和与光密度乘积均较对照侧大(P<0.01),双侧交感神经节均于8h后出现标记细胞，但对照侧HRP标记细胞平均面积和及平均光密度较实验侧大(P<0.01)。结论颈部交感神经可影响三叉神经轴浆运输速度，行颈部局封可减缓颈部交感神经轴浆运输，而促进三叉神经轴浆运输的速度。

Effects of Cervical Sympathetic Nerve on the Axoplasmic Transport of Trigeminal Nerve in Rats

Purpose　To explore the effects of cervical sympathetic nerve on the axoplasmic transport of the trigeminal nerve.　Methods　48 Wistar rats were used with the right side as experimental side and the left side as control side.5 μl of 30% horseradish peroxidare(HRP) solution was injected into the symmetrical areas on both sides of the infraorbital regions.Then 0.4 ml of suspension made up of 0.2 ml 0.5% bupivacaine and 0.2 ml hydroprednisone-A was injected into C5 transverse process on the right side,and 0.4 ml of 0.9% normal saline on the control side.The animals survived for 4,6,8,10,12,14h,and were killed after perfusing through the ascending aorta.The superior cervical sympathetic ganglia and the trigeminal ganglia on both sides frozen sectioned,and treated with TMB method.The HRP labeled cells in the sections were observed under light microscope.The positive labeled cells were classified and counted.The sum of mean area and the mean optical density of HRP labeled cells in superior cervical sympathetic ganglia and the trigeminal ganglia on both sides were analysed by image pattern analysis system.　Results　The labeled cells were found in the trigeminal ganglia of the experimental sides after 6 h,the control side,8 h.The velocity of HRP axoplasmic transport of the experimental side was (5.50±0.95)mm/h,the control side (3.99±0.81)mm/h(P<0.01).The sum of mean area and the product of the sum of mean area and the mean optical density of HRP labeled cells in the trigeminal ganglia of the experimental side were larger than those of the control side (P<0.01).The labeled cells were found in the superior cervical sympathetic ganglia on both sides after 8 h.The sum of mean area and the mean optical density of HRP labeled cells in the superior cervical sympathetic ganglia on the control sides were larger than those of the experimental sides (P<0.01).　Conclusions　Cervical sympathetic nerve can affect the velocity of the axoplasmic transport of the trigeminal nerve.The cervical local block slows accelerates the axoplasmic transport of the cervical sympathetic nerve and the axoplasmic transport of the trigeminal nerve.