我国煤电生产水足迹评价

为识别能源产业对水资源、水环境的影响和风险,基于水足迹评估理论方法构建了煤电生产水足迹评价模型,并以2016年为例,从区域尺度定量分析了我国煤电生产各环节虚拟水消耗量和虚拟水流动格局。结果表明,2016年我国煤电生产的总水足迹为107.3×10^8 m^3,其中灰水足迹占44%,蓝水足迹占56%;伴随电力的调运,晋蒙和西北地区年虚拟水输出量约为5×10^8 m^3,该区域属于我国缺水乃至严重缺水地区,能源发展面临的水资源和水环境约束十分显著。

Water Footprint Evaluation of Coal-fired Power Generation in China

In order to identify the impact and risk of energy industry on water resources and water environment, the water footprint evaluation system of coal-fired power generation was established based on water footprint assessment theory. Taking 2016 year as an example, the virtual water consumption and flow pattern of each step of coal-fired power generation in China were quantitatively analyzed at regional scale. The results show that the total water footprint of coal-fired power generation in 2016 is 107.3×108 m3, of which the gray water footprint accounts for 44% and the blue water footprint is 56%. With the dispatch of electric transfer, the annual output of virtual water in Shanxi, Inner Mongolia and Northwest of China is about 5×108 m3. This region belongs to the water shortage and even serious water shortage area. The water resources and environmental constraints faced by energy development are very significant.