花粉直感对京白梨品质的影响

为研究京白梨生产中花粉直感与所出现的品质退化现象的关系,试验选用11个梨品种为授粉品种,以生长势健壮、结果盛期的京白梨为母本进行人工授粉,测定了不同授粉组合的坐果率、成熟种子数、果实外在品质及内在品质等几个主要指标。结果表明:京白梨果实在坐果率、成熟种子数、单果重、可滴定酸、可溶性固形物等方面表现明显的花粉直感现象,而在果形指数、可食用部分表现不明显。成熟种子数与可滴定酸显著相关,表明花粉可通过种子对果实品质产生一定影响。京白梨最适宜的授粉品种是白梨系统的鸭梨、金水2号、中梨2号和七月酥。

Effect of xenia on fruit quality of Jingbaili pear cultivar

11 pear cultivars were tested as pollinators for the vigorous adult trees of Jingbaili pear cultivar (P. ussuriensis cv. Jingbaili) for studying the effect of xenia on Jingbaili fruit quality, and seeking the best pollinator for increasing production and improvement of fruit eating quality. The major parameters such as fruits set rate, mature seeds per fruit, fruit appearance and quality characteristics were investigated and studied. Results showed that the pollen xenia had obvious effect on fruit setting rate, fruit weight, soluble solids content, titratable acidity and mature seeds. However, there was no obvious effect on fruit shape index and edible part of fruit. The significant correlation between mature seeds per fruit and titratable acidity showed that pollen might influence fruit quality by mature seeds. Results revealed that the most promising pollinators for Jingbaili cultivar were Yali, Jingshui No2, Zhongli No2, and Qiyuesu, all belonging to the species P. bretschneideri.