父母干预对患儿术前焦虑影响的研究进展

随着我国经济的发展和科技的进步，患儿围术期舒适化医疗也在逐步推进中。舒适化医疗不仅减轻了患儿身体的病痛，更避免了手术和麻醉等操作对其心理造成的永久性创伤。患儿术前焦虑发生率高于成年患者，可对患儿围术期及预后产生不良影响。不同患儿父母的特征，如父母焦虑水平、父母受教育程度、父母社会经济背景、家庭组成及种族和语言等因素会影响患儿的术前焦虑水平。父母参与指导患儿麻醉前准备、管理患儿禁食禁饮和陪伴患儿接受麻醉诱导等干预措施可缓解患儿的术前焦虑水平。对于残疾患儿，父母在围术期与医务人员的信息沟通和对患儿的干预管理更为重要。与传统的术前准备方案比较，基于互联网的家庭术前准备平台可以为患儿家庭提供更加全面、有效、个性化的信息指导，保障患儿围术期舒适化医疗。

Research progress on the influence and intervention of parents on preoperative anxiety in children

With the development of our economy and the progress of science and technology, the comfort medicine of children in the perioperative period is gradually promoted. Comfort medicine not only eliminates the physical pain of children, but also avoids the permanent psychological trauma caused by operation and anesthesia. The incidence of preoperative anxiety in children is higher than that in adults, which may have adverse effects on perioperative period and prognosis of children. The characteristics of parents of different children, such as parental anxiety level, parental education level, parental socioeconomic background, family composition, ethnicity, language, and other factors will affect the preoperative anxiety level of children. Intervention measures such as parents'' participation in guiding children''s preparation for anesthesia, management of children''s fasting and drinking, and presence at the induction of anesthesia can alleviate children''s preoperative anxiety level. For children with disabilities, communication between parents and medical staff in the perioperative period and intervention management of children is important. Compared with the traditional preoperative preparation program, the internet-based family preoperative preparation platform provides a comprehensive, effective and personalized information guidance for the families of children, ensuring the comfortable perioperative medical treatment of children.