Enhanced triolein removal using microemulsions formulated with mixed surfactants |
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Authors: | C Tongcumpou E J Acosta J F Scamehorn D A Sabatini N Yanumet S Chavadej |
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Affiliation: | (1) Environmental Research Institute, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand;(2) National Research Center for Environmental and Hazardous Management, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand;(3) Institute for Applied Surfactant Research, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma;(4) The Petroleum and Petrochemical College, Chulalongkorn University, Phayathai Rd., Pathumwan, 10330 Bangkok, Thailand |
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Abstract: | In previous work, a microemulsion-based formulation approach yielded excellent laundry detergency with hydrophobic oily soils
hexadecane and motor oil. In this work, the same approach is used in detergency of triolein, which is a model triglyceride,
some of the most difficult oils to be removed from fabric. The linker concept was applied in formulation of the microemulsion
system. Three different surfactants were used: (i) dihexyl sulfosuccinate, an ionic surfactant with a moderate hydrophile-lipophile
balance (HLB); (ii) secondary alcohol ethoxylate, a lipophilic nonionic surfactant with a very low HLB; and (iii) alkyl diphenyl
oxide disulfonate (ADPODS), a hydrophilic anionic surfactant with a very high HLB. The phase behavior and interfacial tension
(IFT) of the surfactant systems were determined with different concentrations of ADPODS. The results indicate that as the
HLB of the system increases, a higher salinity is required to shift the phase transition from Winsor Type I to Type III to
Type II. The three formulations at different salinities were used in detergency experiments to remove triolein from polyester/cotton
sample fabric. The results showed that there were two peaks of maximum detergency in the range of salinity from 0.1% to 10%
NaCl. The higher the hydrophilicity of the system, the higher the salinity required for maximum detergency. The results of
the dynamic IFT and the detergency performance from two rinsing methods lead to the hypothesis that one of these maxima in
detergency results from a spreading or wetting effect. The other maximum in detergency is believed to be related to ultralow
IFT associated with oil/water middle-phase microemulsion formation. Triolein removal exceeding 80% was attained, validating
the microemulsion approach to detergency. |
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Keywords: | Alkyl diphenyl oxide disulfonate dihexyl sulfosuccinate microemulsion secondary alcohol ethoxylate triolein detergency |
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