梅花鹿鹿茸多糖的提取工艺优化及抗衰老的作用

目的优化提取梅花鹿鹿茸多糖的工艺,探讨鹿茸多糖的抗衰老作用及机制。方法采用正交实验法考察料液比、提取时间、提取次数对鹿茸多糖提取工艺的影响,确定最优的鹿茸多糖提取工艺,按最佳提取工艺提取鹿茸多糖。将实验动物随机分为正常对照组、衰老模型组、鹿茸多糖低(125 mg/kg)、中(250 mg/kg)、高(500 mg/kg)剂量组。给药30 d后,测定衰老小鼠血清中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活力、过氧化氢酶(CAT)活力、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活力和丙二醛(MDA)含量,同时苏木素-伊红染色观察肝组织结构变化。结果优化后的梅花鹿鹿茸多糖提取率为1.6%,与正常对照组相比,衰老模型组SOD、GSH-Px、CAT活力均明显降低,MDA含量明显升高(P<0.01)。与衰老模型组相比,鹿茸多糖各剂量组SOD、CAT、GSH-Px、活力均明显升高,MDA含量均明显下降;与模型组组相比,鹿茸多糖低、中、高剂量组对衰老小鼠肝组织具有保护作用。结论鹿茸多糖的最佳提取工艺为料液比1∶15的缓冲溶液,100℃提取2 h,提取2次。鹿茸多糖对D-半乳糖诱导的衰老小鼠具有延缓衰老作用,其机制可能与清除体内自由基有关。

Optimization of extraction process and anti-aging effect of sika deer antler polysaccharide

Objective To optimize the extraction process of sika deer antler polysaccharides and to explore the anti-aging effect and mechanism of velvet polysaccharides.Methods Orthogonal experiment was used to investigate the effects of feed-liquid ratio,extraction time and extraction times on the extraction process of velvet antler polysaccharides.The optimal extraction process of velvet antler polysaccharides was determined,and the antler polysaccharides were extracted according to the optimal extraction process.The experimental animals were randomly divided into normal control,aging model,low〔125 mg/(kg·d)〕,medium〔250 mg/(kg·d)〕,and high〔500 mg/(kg·d)〕antler polysaccharide dose groups.After 30 days of administration,the activity of superoxide dismutase(SOD),catalase(CAT)activity,glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px)activity and malondialdehyde(MDA)content in serum of aging mice were measured.HE staining was used to observe the changes of liver tissue structure.Results The optimized extraction rate of sika deer antler polysaccharide was 1.6%.Compared with normal control group,the SOD,GSH-Px and CAT activities of aging model group were significantly decreased,and the MDA content was significantly increased(P<0.01).Compared with aging model group,the SOD,CAT,GSH-PX and vigor of velvet antler polysaccharides were significantly increased,and MDA content was significantly decreased.Compared with the model group,low,medium and high dose antler polysaccharide had protective effect on liver tissue.Conclusions The best extraction process of velvet antler polysaccharide is a buffer solution with a ratio of 1:15,which is extracted at 100℃for 2 hours and extracted twice.Deer antler polysaccharide has anti-aging effect on D-galactose-inducing aging mice,and its mechanism might be related to the elimination of free radicals in vivo.