基于流体动力学的轮胎磨损颗粒物捕集通道位置研究

轮胎磨损颗粒物是车辆非尾气排放颗粒物的重要组成部分, 对大气悬浮颗粒物的影响日益增大, 对其进行捕集可减少对生态环境的潜在威胁. 基于喷射法和R-R颗粒物粒径分布, 建立了轮胎磨损颗粒物-轮胎-车辆流体动力学多相流模型, 采用Realiable k-ε湍流模型模拟了汽车在不同行驶速度下轮胎与覆盖件之间的最大风压分布区域, 继而研究了15种磨损颗粒物捕集方案通道出入口位置与捕集率的关系. 结果表明: 轮胎磨损微小颗粒物在后轮处比在前轮处与壁面碰撞的数量多; 捕集率随捕集装置入口高度的增大而减小, 随出口与轮罩边缘距离的增大而增大; 出入口的动压压差越大, 捕集率越高; 当车速为60km?h-1时, 入口位置H=297mm, 出口位置L=600mm时, 捕集率最高, 达到56.32％; 入口位置H=297mm时颗粒物捕集率均超过40％, 出口位置L=600mm时颗粒物捕集率均超过35％.

The positioning of the capture tunnel for tire wear particlesbased on fluid dynamics

Tire wear particles are the non-exhaust emission of vehicles, which have great potential threat to the ecological environment. In this paper tire wear particle-wheel-vehicle model was built based on both injection method and the R-R model for particles distribution. The maximum position of wind distribution between the tire and wheel covers was investigated utilizing reliable k-ε turbulence model. 15 kinds of capture cases for entrance and exit positions and their capture ratios were explored. The results show that the qualities of fine tire wear particles entering the gap between the rear wheels and tire covers are greater than that near the front wheels. The capture ratio increases with the lower entrance position and higher distance from the exit to the entrance. The capture ratio reaches maximum to 56.32％ when the entrance position is at H=297mm and exit position is at L=600mm. The capture ratio is beyond 40％ and 35％ when the entrance position is at H=297mm and exit position is at L=600mm, respectively.