大气中Pd-H(D)系中H(D)的释放及其表面附近H的分布

将经过950℃热处理后缓慢冷却及淬火处理的Pd样品,分别作为阴极在重水(D₂O)和轻水(H₂O)中进行150h电解,以引入H和D。用X射线衍射方法测量Pd-H(D)系存放于大气中经过不同时间后的衍射图及β相晶格常数的变化,并用¹H(¹⁹F,αγ)¹⁶O核反应测量H在各Pd-H(D)系表面层中的分布。淬火Pd与退火Pd相对比,在电解吸H(D)后,前者初始含H(D)百分比较高而H(D)的释放速度较快。H的浓度在Pd-H合金的表面处达到极大值而在离表面深度为数百埃处达到极小值。 关键词：

EVOLUTION OF HYDROGEN (DEUTERIUM) IN PALLADUIM HYDROGEN (DEUTERIUM) SYSTEM AND THE DISTRIBUTION OF HYDROGEN NEAR THE SURFACE

Hydrogen and deulerium have been introduced into palladuim cathods in an electrolysis process for 150 h with light and heavy water as electrolyte respectively. The palladuim cathods used had quenched or annealed after a thermal treatment at 950℃. The variation of diffraction pattern and lattice constant of β phase of palladuim-hydrogen system in air with time have been measured by X ray diffraction method. The distribution of hydrogen in the surface layer of palladuim-hydrogen system bas been measured by the nuclear reaction¹H(¹⁹F,αγ)¹⁶O. Comparing a quenched palladuim cathod with annealed palladuim cathod, it is shown that the former has higher initial concentration of hydrogen and faster evolution velocity than the latter after the electrolysis. The concentration of hydrogen arrives its maximum at the surface of palladuim hydrogen system and its minimum at a depth of several hundred angstroms from the surface.