Nano-to-macroporous TiO2 (anatase) by cold sintering process |
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Authors: | Valentina Medri Francesca Servadei Riccardo Bendoni Annalisa Natali Murri Angelo Vaccari Elena Landi |
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Affiliation: | 1. CNR-ISTEC, National Research Council of Italy, Institute of Science and Technology for Ceramics, via Granarolo, 64, I-48018 Faenza, Italy;2. “Toso Montanari” Department of Industrial Chemistry, University of Bologna, 40100 Bologna, Italy |
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Abstract: | Cold Sintering Process (CSP) was applied on commercial nanopowders to produce nanostructured TiO2 anatase with nano-to-macro porosity. Nanoporous TiO2 based materials were obtained by applying CSP at 150 °C and pressures up to 500 MPa on three TiO2 nanopowders with different specific surface area (s.s.a. = 50, 90 and 370 m2/g), using water as transient aqueous environment. Although TiO2 is insoluble in water, a density of 68% and s.s.a. = 117 m2/g were achieved from the powder with the highest specific surface area. A post annealing process at 500 °C increased the density up to 73% with a s.s.a. = 59 m2/g, and the crystallites dimensions passed from 110 Å in the powder to 130 Å in CSP material and 172 Å after post annealing. Finally, macroporosity was produced by using thermoplastic polymer beads as sacrificial templates within TiO2 nanopowder during CSP, followed by a debonding at 500 °C. |
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Keywords: | Corresponding author x Titanium oxide Anatase Cold sintering process Porous ceramics Nanopowders |
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