基于SEM模型的轨道交通对住宅价格的空间效应——以杭州市为例

轨道交通是城市公共交通体系的重要组成部分，其规划建设对住宅价格具有很强的正外部性。基于特征价格理论，引入了空间经济计量学分析方法和模型，以杭州市轨道交通一至三期规划内的10条地铁线路和杭州市范围内2 393个住宅样本为研究对象，实证研究了轨道交通对周边住宅价格的空间效应，构建了相应的指标体系，并用SEM模型进行定量分析。研究结果表明：(1)构建的指标体系经空间误差模型拟合后对杭州市住宅价格具有较好的解释能力；(2)处于不同建设阶段的地铁线路和站点对住宅价格的空间效应差异明显；(3)地铁站点在不同区间范围内对住宅价格的空间效应不同；(4)杭州市已通车轨道交通站点在1 000~1 500 m内对住宅价格的影响较为显著。

The spatial effect of rail transit on residential prices based on SEM model: A case study of Hangzhou

Rail transit is an important part of urban public transport system, its planning and construction have a strong positive externality to residential prices. By investigating a large number of related literature, this paper introduces Hedonic price method and the spatial econometric method using the characteristic price theory. It divides all the rail transit routes into three phases according to their construction status, and collects 2 393 residential buildings samples in Hangzhou. It then analyze empirically the spatial effect of rail transit on the surrounding residential price. Corresponding analytical index system has been constructed and the spatial error model is selected for regression analysis. The results show that: (1) The index system constructed has a good interpretation ability for residential prices in Hangzhou through the spatial error model; (2) The spatial effects of subway lines and stations at different construction stages are significantly different; (3) The spatial effects of subway stations on residential prices are various in different intervals; (4) The impact of opened rail transit stations on residential prices within Hangzhou is more remarkable within the range of 1 000~1 500 m.