WC颗粒增强金属基复合耐磨材料制备工艺与性能研究

与传统单一的材料相比,增强金属基复合材料(MMCs)的力学、物理和机械加工性能具有许多优点和更加优异的性能,在各种工程领域中应用广泛。首先从制备工艺开始,介绍了目前发展较为迅速的冷喷涂技术、激光熔覆、等离子堆焊及电弧堆焊等工艺发展。在此基础上着重论述了微米WC颗粒添加及纳米WC颗粒添加金属基耐磨材料性能的研究,论述了提高微米WC颗粒增强金属基复合耐磨材料耐磨性的途径,通过增加基体组织韧性,增加WC颗粒包裹、支撑,减少裂纹产生。进而介绍了纳米WC颗粒改变凝固形式,细化复合材料晶粒从而提高性能,并指出了纳米WC颗粒烧损是制约其发展的重要原因。最后,对该方向研究进展进行了总结,并对其发展前景和主要发展方向进行了展望。

Preparation Technology and Properties of Metal Matrix Composite Wear-resistant Materials Reinforced by WC Particles

Compared with traditional single materials, metal matrix composites (MMCs) have many advantages and more excellent properties due to their enhanced mechanical, physical and mechanical processing properties, which makes them be widely used in various engineering fields. In this paper, the development of cold spraying, laser cladding, plasma surfacing and arc surfacing, which were developing rapidly at present, were introduced. On this basis, the study on the properties of micron WC particles and nano-WC particles added to metal-based wear resistant materials was emphatically discussed. The way to improve the wear resistance of micron WC particles and enhance the wearability of metal-based composite wear resistant materials was discussed. By increasing the toughness of matrix tissues, the wrapping and support of WC particles were increased to reduce the generation of cracks. Then, it was introduced that nanometer WC particles can change the solidification form and refine the composite grain so as to improve the performance, and it was pointed out that the burning loss of nanometer WC particles was an important reason that restricted its development. Finally, the research progress of this direction was summarized and the development prospect and main development direction were prospected.