稳定期精神分裂症患者认知功能、情绪管理水平及其影响因素分析

目的 探究稳定期精神分裂症患者认知功能和社会认知功能中的情绪管理水平,分析相关影响因素。方法 对100名稳定期精神分裂症患者、50名非稳定期精神分裂症患者和50名健康对照者进行MATRICS共识认知成套测试(MATRICS consensus cognitive battery,MCCB),用简明精神病评定量表(Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale,BPRS)评定精神分裂症患者精神病性症状严重程度,对3组认知功能进行比较,分析影响稳定期精神分裂症患者认知功能和情绪管理水平的相关因素。结果 健康对照者的MCCB总分及各分测验得分均高于稳定期精神分裂症患者,稳定期精神分裂症患者的情绪管理、符号编码、霍普金斯词语学习测验、简短视觉空间记忆、字母数字广度测验、迷宫分测验均高于非稳定期精神分裂症患者,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);多因素线性回归分析表明,影响稳定期精神分裂症患者认知功能的因素有年龄、病程、BPRS总分(P＜0.05);影响稳定期精神分裂症患者情绪管理水平的因素有BPRS总分、连线测验A、符号编码、简短视觉空间记忆(P＜0.05)。结论 精神分裂症患者即使处于稳定期,其总体认知功能和情绪管理水平仍显著低于健康对照,早期发病、病程时间长及精神症状不稳定都是精神分裂症患者认知功能损害的重要危险因素,精神症状严重程度、信息处理速度及视觉学习能力会影响其情绪管理水平。

Cognitive function,emotion management and its influencing factors in stable schizophrenia

Objective To explore the level of emotion management in social cognitive function and cognitive function of patients with stable schizophrenia, and analyze the related influencing factors. Methods A total of 100 patients with stable schizophrenia, 50 patients with unstable schizophrenia and 50 healthy controls were tested with MATRICS consensus cognitive battery test (MCCB). The severity of psychotic symptoms in patients with schizophrenia was assessed by Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS). The cognitive function of the three groups was compared, and the related factors affecting cognitive function and emotional management level of stable schizophrenia patients were analyzed. Results The total score of MCCB and the scores of each subtest in the control group were higher than those in the stable schizophrenic patients. The emotional management, symbol coding, Hopkins word learning test, brief visuospatial memory, spatial span and maze test of stable schizophrenia patients in the case group were higher than those of unstable schizophrenia patients (P<0.05); Multivariate linear regression analysis showed that age, course of disease and total score of BPRS were the influencing factors of cognitive function in stable schizophrenia patients (P<0.05). The factors influencing emotion management of stable schizophrenic patients included total score of BPRS, connection test a, symbol coding and short visual spatial memory (P<0.05). Conclusions Even in the stable stage, the overall cognitive function and emotional management level of schizophrenic patients are still significantly lower than that of healthy people. Early onset, long course of disease and unstable mental symptoms are important risk factors for cognitive impairment of schizophrenia patients. The severity of mental symptoms, information processing speed and visual learning ability will affect their emotional management level.